Verse 7 Hebrew Text 1:7יִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה רֵאשִׁ֣ית דָּ֑עַת חָכְמָ֥ה וּ֝מוּסָ֗ר אֱוִילִ֥ים בָּֽזוּ׃ Verse 7 Sentence Flow Verse 7 Translation Rationale This ever-popular Proverb opens with a dual construct chain as two verbless clauses. Therefore, we need to supply the linking verb “is” in our translation to English. The first construct chain is the familiar phrase...
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April 18, 2024April 20, 2024John
John 3:16
Verse 16 Greek Text 3:16οὕτως γὰρ ἠγάπησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν κόσμον, ὥστε τὸν υἱὸν τὸν μονογενῆ ἔδωκεν, ἵνα πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων εἰς αὐτὸν μὴ ἀπόληται ἀλλ’ ἔχῃ ζωὴν αἰώνιον. Verse 16 Sentence Flow Verse 16 Translation Rationale John 3:16 is a beautiful and well-known passage to many because of its popularity in culture. The translation...
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April 17, 2024April 17, 2024Romans
Romans 7:14
Verse 14 Greek Text 7:14Οἴδαμεν γὰρ ὅτι ὁ νόμος πνευματικός ἐστιν, ἐγὼ δὲ σάρκινός εἰμι πεπραμένος ὑπὸ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν. Verse 14 Sentence Flow Verse 14 Translation Rationale Romans 7:14 begins with a postpositive γὰρ that connects us back to the the context immediately preceding. In the previous context, Paul is defending the Law and making...
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January 25, 2024January 25, 2024Ecclesiastes, Old Testament
Ecclesiastes 8:8
Verse 8 Hebrew Text 8:8אֵ֣ין אָדָ֞ם שַׁלִּ֤יט בָּר֙וּחַ֙ לִכְל֣וֹא אֶת־הָר֔וּחַ וְאֵ֤ין שִׁלְטוֹן֙ בְּי֣וֹם הַמָּ֔וֶת וְאֵ֥ין מִשְׁלַ֖חַת בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְלֹֽא־יְמַלֵּ֥ט רֶ֖שַׁע אֶת־בְּעָלָֽיו׃ Verse 8 Sentence Flow Verse 8 Translation Rationale Verse 8 begins with the particle of non-existence and we translate it as “There is no.” The next portion of the verse is אָדָ֞ם with an accompanying...
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January 21, 2024January 21, 2024Jeremiah, Old Testament
Jeremiah 17:9
Verse 9 Hebrew Text 17:9עָקֹ֥ב הַלֵּ֛ב מִכֹּ֖ל וְאָנֻ֣שׁ ה֑וּא מִ֖י יֵדָעֶֽנּוּ׃ Verse 9 Sentence Flow Verse 9 Translation Rationale Jeremiah 17:9 is admittedly a difficult verse to translate well for a few reasons. To begin, the first clause is a verbless clause. In the position where one might expect a predicate adjective we instead find...
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January 19, 2024January 22, 2024Jeremiah, Old Testament
Jeremiah 13:23
Verse 23 Greek/Hebrew Text 13:23הֲיַהֲפֹ֤ךְ כּוּשִׁי֙ עוֹר֔וֹ וְנָמֵ֖ר חֲבַרְבֻּרֹתָ֑יו גַּם־אַתֶּם֙ תּוּכְל֣וּ לְהֵיטִ֔יב לִמֻּדֵ֖י הָרֵֽעַ׃ Verse 23 Sentence Flow Verse 23 Translation Rationale Jeremiah 13:23 illustrates the beautiful function of Hebrew parallelism. As one can tell from the formatting in most English Bibles, this is understood to be Hebrew poetry by translators. That’s noteworthy because Hebrew...
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January 18, 2024January 20, 2024Genesis, Old Testament
Genesis 6:5
Verse 5 Hebrew Text 6:5וַיַּ֣רְא יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י רַבָּ֛ה רָעַ֥ת הָאָדָ֖ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְכָל־יֵ֨צֶר֙ מַחְשְׁבֹ֣ת לִבֹּ֔ו רַ֥ק רַ֖ע ל־הַיֹּֽום׃ Verse 5 Sentence Flow Verse 5 Translation Rationale Genesis 6:5 begins with a waw consecutive which can is translated “then.” The reason we translate this “then” rather than “and” is because when the waw is connected to the...
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January 17, 2024January 17, 2024John, New Testament
John 1:13
Verse 13 Greek 1:13οἳ οὐκ ἐξ αἱμάτων οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος σαρκὸς οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος ἀνδρὸς ἀλλ’ ἐκ θεοῦ ἐγεννήθησαν. Verse 13 Sentence Flow Verse 13 Translation Rationale Verse 13 opens with the relative pronoun οἳ. As is good practice, this leads us to search for the antecedent. In this case, the antecedent is those mentioned...
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January 16, 2024January 17, 2024John, New Testament
John 1:12
Verse 12 Greek Text 1:12ὅσοι δὲ ἔλαβον αὐτόν, ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ἐξουσίαν τέκνα θεοῦ γενέσθαι, τοῖς πιστεύουσιν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, Verse 12 Sentence Flow Note: definition of ἐξουσίαν Verse 12 Translation Rationale Here we have a relatively straightforward passage from John. We begin with the postpositive δὲ and we translate it “but.” There’s a slightly...
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January 15, 2024January 15, 2024Research
Greek Verbs
Introduction to Greek Verbs Greek verbs have tense, voice, and mood. Tense The tense of the verb describes the time the action occurred and the kind of action that occurred. Time isn’t all that much different from English. “Type of action will be continuous, completed (with a result), or simple (an affirmation of action without...